• PhD, University of Minnesota, 1954
• BS, Polytechnic Institute of Brooklyn, 1950

• Fellow of the American Academy of Sciences, 2006
• Fellow of the Electrochemical Society, Inc., 1999
• Electrochemistry, Analytical Division of American Chemical Society, 1997
• Faraday Medal, Electrochemical Group, Royal Society of Chemistry, 1994
• Charles N. Reilly Award of the Society for Electrochemistry, 1991
• Heyrovsky Centennial Medal, Heyrovsky Centennial Congress on Polarography, 1988
• Jacob F. Schoellkopf Award, Western New York Section of the ACS, 1987
• Distinguished Service Award, Analytical Group of the Western New York Section of the ACS and Niagara Frontier Section of the Society for Applied Spectroscopy, 1974
• Silver Medal in Analytical Chemistry of Hiroshima University, Japan, 1972

Electroanalytical and physical electrochemistry at solid electrodes; electroactive polymers development of new analytical techniques; sensors and instrumentation; hydrodynamic voltammetry; electrochemical quartz crystal microbalance development and applications, novel chromatographic solid phases.

Our research interests involved electroanalytical chemistry (electrochemical technique development, sensors and instrumentation) and physical electrochemistry. Recent and current problems involved the study of: (1) the details of ion and neutral species transport accompanying the redox switching of electroactive polymers; (2) solid electrodes in order to understand the processes that control reaction at them; (3) techniques for overcoming nonelastic behavior at the quartz crystal microbalance; (4) developing planar chromatographic solid phases that yield a separation that are equivalent to an experimentally impractical gradient elution approach.

The research in (1) and (2) was be used to control the rates of electrode processes and thus develop new and better analytical methods, electrochemical sensors, electrochemical displays, and energy storage devices. Development of unique instrumentation and techniques played a key role in our research. The research in (3) was aimed at obtaining Sauerbrey responses with viscoelastic molecules, typically those of biological origin. The goal of the research in (4) was to lay the foundations for increasing the versatility of a wide variety of 1D chromatographic techniques.