Modern Europe
Kievan, Imperial Russian, Soviet Politics, Ground rules and Institutions. Comparing Russian and Western Political Cultures. Russian Institutions Designed To ‘Keep People From Leaving. Ways and Means Autocrats Used in Granting Permission To Leave; Meanings of Russian Political Language. Russian Leaders and officials.
Member of AAASS; Western NY Group of Historians; Mid-Atlantic Slavic Conference. Worked With Emily Tall, Russian Language, and Students of Jewish Culture; Dr.Fred Fleron, Political Science. Expert in Soviet Politics. Intermittent Attendance At Univ of Illinois Summer Labs; and Munk Center; Russian and East European Center Symposia and Programs.